Valproate (Paternal exposure)

Cognitive developmental disorders/delay (3-6 years old)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S18947
R80593		 Razaz_Norway, 2026 Intellectual disability (ID) - One diagnosis ICD-10 code for ID: F70– F79 - Median age at the end of follow-up: 5.2 years Paternal exposure: genotoxic/epigenetic window (0–xxx months preconception) population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No Paternal ASMs: monotherapy 1.58 [0.27;9.35] 3/460   2/1,101 5 460
ref
Total 1 studies 1.58 [0.27;9.30] 5 460
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Razaz_Norway, 2026Razaz_Norway, 2026 1.58[0.27; 9.35]54600%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: unclearROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate0.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.58[0.27; 9.30]5460 -NARazaz_Norway, 2026 1 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 1.58[0.27; 9.30]5460 -NARazaz_Norway, 2026 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.58[0.27; 9.30]5460 -NARazaz_Norway, 2026 1 Paternal ASMs   - monotherapy  - monotherapy 1.58[0.27; 9.30]5460 -NARazaz_Norway, 2026 1 All studiesAll studies 1.58[0.27; 9.30]5460 -NARazaz_Norway, 2026 10.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.58[0.27; 9.30]5460 -NARazaz_Norway, 2026 10.510.01.0