Tofisopam updated on 02-10-2025

All congenital malformations (majors, minors, majors and minors, or unspecified)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15383
R64479		 Noh, 2022 Overall major congenital malformations 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Not specified 1.05 [0.94;1.18] 274/4,804   156,896/3,053,381 157,170 4,804
ref
S17863
R75431		 Eros, 2002 Major congenital anomalies during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) Matched 0.60 [0.30;1.20]
excluded (exposition period) 		13/47   22,852/60,969 22,865 47
ref
Total 1 studies 1.05 [0.94;1.18] 157,170 4,804
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Noh, 2022Noh, 2022 1.05[0.94; 1.18]157,1704,8040%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: low0.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.05[0.94; 1.18]157,1704,804 -NANoh, 2022 1 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.05[0.94; 1.18]157,1704,804 -NANoh, 2022 1 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 1.05[0.94; 1.18]157,1704,804 -NANoh, 2022 1 BZD Coexposure   - Not specified  - Not specified 1.05[0.94; 1.18]157,1704,804 -NANoh, 2022 1 All studiesAll studies 1.05[0.94; 1.18]157,1704,804 -NANoh, 2022 10.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.05[0.94; 1.18]157,1704,804 -NANoh, 2022 10.510.01.0