Alprazolam updated on 02-10-2025

Neural Tube Defects

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15600
R64254		 Tinker, 2019 Any neural tube defect 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 1.30 [0.60;2.90] 8/46   2,097/13,592 2,105 46
ref
S17862
R75383		 Eros, 2002 Neural tube defects during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) Matched 3.30 [0.10;91.60]
excluded (exposition period) 		0/-   -/- - -
ref
Total 1 studies 1.30 [0.59;2.86] 2,105 46
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Tinker, 2019Tinker, 2019 1.30[0.60; 2.90]2,105460%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate0.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0 case control studiescase control studies 1.30[0.59; 2.86]2,10546 -NATinker, 2019 1 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.30[0.59; 2.86]2,10546 -NATinker, 2019 1 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 1.30[0.59; 2.86]2,10546 -NATinker, 2019 1 BZD Coexposure   - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or p ...  - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 1.30[0.59; 2.86]2,10546 -NATinker, 2019 1 All studiesAll studies 1.30[0.59; 2.86]2,10546 -NATinker, 2019 10.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.30[0.59; 2.86]2,10546 -NATinker, 2019 10.510.01.0