Alprazolam updated on 02-10-2025

Cleft lip with or without cleft palate

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17690
R74667		 Laspro, 2024 Any cleft lip (ICD 10 codes Q36 or Q37) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded nested case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Not specified 1.11 [0.90;1.38]
excluded (exposition period) 		85/-   6,154/- 6,239 -
ref
S15600
R64261		 Tinker, 2019 Cleft lip with or without cleft palate 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 1.00 [0.50;1.90] 11/49   3,075/14,570 3,086 49
ref
S17862
R75384		 Eros, 2002 Cleft lip /- palate during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) Matched 3.30 [0.10;91.60]
excluded (exposition period) 		0/-   -/- - -
ref
Total 1 studies 1.00 [0.51;1.95] 3,086 49
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Tinker, 2019Tinker, 2019 1.00[0.50; 1.90]3,086490%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate0.52.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0 case control studiescase control studies 1.00[0.51; 1.95]3,08649 -NATinker, 2019 1 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.00[0.51; 1.95]3,08649 -NATinker, 2019 1 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 1.00[0.51; 1.95]3,08649 -NATinker, 2019 1 BZD Coexposure   - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or p ...  - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 1.00[0.51; 1.95]3,08649 -NATinker, 2019 1 All studiesAll studies 1.00[0.51; 1.95]3,08649 -NATinker, 2019 10.510.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.00[0.51; 1.95]3,08649 -NATinker, 2019 10.510.01.0