Chlordiazepoxide updated on 02-10-2025

Early intrauterine deaths (< 22 weeks) / Spontaneous abortions

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15414
R63485		 Sheehy, 2019 Spontaneous abortion (6th to 19th completed week of gestation) - ICD-9 diagnosis code 634 or ICD-10 diagnosis code O03 early pregnancy nested case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Not specified Matched 0.33 [0.02;5.77] C 0/7   27,149/161,447 27,149 7
ref
S15644
R64566		 Milkovich, 1974 Fetal deaths before 20 weeks of gestation during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Not specified Indication BZD: Psychiatric diseases (depression, anxiety, ...) 1.95 [1.08;3.51] C 20/186   31/532 51 186
ref
Total 2 studies 1.42 [0.38;5.36] 27,200 193
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Sheehy, 2019Sheehy, 2019 0.33[0.02; 5.77]27,149718%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: critical Milkovich, 1974Milkovich, 1974 1.95[1.08; 3.51]5118682%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: unclearROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: critical Total (2 studies) I2 = 29% 1.42[0.38; 5.36]27,2001930.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.95[1.08; 3.51]51186 -NAMilkovich, 1974 1 case control studiescase control studies 0.33[0.02; 5.77]27,1497 -NASheehy, 2019 1 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 0.33[0.02; 5.77]27,1497 -NASheehy, 2019 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.95[1.08; 3.51]51186 -NAMilkovich, 1974 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.42[0.38; 5.36]27,20019329%NASheehy, 2019 Milkovich, 1974 2 BZD Coexposure   - Not specified  - Not specified 1.42[0.38; 5.36]27,20019329%NASheehy, 2019 Milkovich, 1974 2 Indication BZD   - Psychiatric diseases (depression, a ...  - Psychiatric diseases (depression, anxiety, ...) 1.95[1.08; 3.51]51186 -NAMilkovich, 1974 1 MatchedMatched 0.33[0.02; 5.77]27,1497 -NASheehy, 2019 1 All studiesAll studies 1.42[0.38; 5.36]27,20019329%NASheehy, 2019 Milkovich, 1974 20.15.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) Out of scale0.33[0.02; 5.77]27,1497 -NASheehy, 2019 1 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.95[1.08; 3.51]51186 -NAMilkovich, 1974 10.510.01.0