Clonazepam (Psy and Mixed indications) updated on 02-10-2025

Atrial septal defect

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type  Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15651
R64610
Blotière (Indications other than epilepsy), 2019 Atrial septal defect 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: No (among antiseizure medications) 1.20 [0.10;4.20] 2/980   3,268/1,875,733 3,270 980
ref
S15601
R64278
Tinker (Mixed indications), 2019 Atrial septal defect [ASD] secundum or NOS 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 0.70 [0.20;2.10] 4/25   3,021/14,533 3,025 25
ref
Total 2 studies 0.82 [0.30;2.21] 6,295 1,005
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Blotière (Indications other than epilepsy), 2019Blotière, 2019 1 1.20[0.10; 4.20]3,27098028%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Tinker (Mixed indications), 2019Tinker, 2019 2 0.70[0.20; 2.10]3,0252572%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 0.82[0.30; 2.21]6,2951,0050.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Indications other than epilepsy; 2: Mixed indications;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.20[0.19; 7.78]3,270980 -NABlotière (Indications other than epilepsy), 2019 1 case control studiescase control studies 0.70[0.22; 2.27]3,02525 -NATinker (Mixed indications), 2019 1 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 0.82[0.30; 2.21]6,2951,0050%NABlotière (Indications other than epilepsy), 2019 Tinker (Mixed indications), 2019 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 0.82[0.30; 2.21]6,2951,0050%NABlotière (Indications other than epilepsy), 2019 Tinker (Mixed indications), 2019 2 BZD Coexposure   - No (among antiseizure medications)  - No (among antiseizure medications) 1.20[0.19; 7.78]3,270980 -NABlotière (Indications other than epilepsy), 2019 1   - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or p ...  - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 0.70[0.22; 2.27]3,02525 -NATinker (Mixed indications), 2019 1 All studiesAll studies 0.82[0.30; 2.21]6,2951,0050%NABlotière (Indications other than epilepsy), 2019 Tinker (Mixed indications), 2019 20.25.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 0.82[0.30; 2.21]6,2951,0050%NABlotière (Indications other than epilepsy), 2019 Tinker (Mixed indications), 2019 20.510.01.0