Benzodiazepines (Psy and mixed indications) updated on 02-10-2025

Very preterm (28 to 32 weeks)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17870
R75498		 Delteil - BZDs (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2023 Very preterm ([28-32 GW[) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) excluded Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 1.56 [1.02;2.37] C
excluded (control group) 		23/2,517   483/82,163 506 2,517
ref
S15610
R75490		 Delteil - BZDs (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Very preterm ([28-32 GW[) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, sick Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 1.35 [0.60;3.03] C 23/2,517   8/1,180 31 2,517
ref
S15584
R64102		 Coste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020 Gestational age at birth (27–31 WA) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: No (among antiseizure medications) 1.29 [0.69;2.41] C 10/1,246   10,625/1,710,441 10,635 1,246
ref
Total 2 studies 1.32 [0.80;2.15] 10,666 3,763
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Delteil - BZDs (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023Delteil - BZDs, 2023 1 1.35[0.60; 3.03]312,51737%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: unclearROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Coste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020Coste - Clonazepam, 2020 2 1.29[0.69; 2.41]10,6351,24663%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 1.32[0.80; 2.15]10,6663,7630.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Mixed indications;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.32[0.80; 2.15]10,6663,7630%NADelteil - BZDs (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Coste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.29[0.69; 2.41]10,6351,246 -NACoste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.35[0.60; 3.03]312,517 -NADelteil - BZDs (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.32[0.80; 2.15]10,6663,7630%NADelteil - BZDs (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Coste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020 2 BZD Coexposure   - No (among antiseizure medications)  - No (among antiseizure medications) 1.29[0.69; 2.41]10,6351,246 -NACoste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020 1   - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or p ...  - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 1.35[0.60; 3.03]312,517 -NADelteil - BZDs (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 1 All studiesAll studies 1.32[0.80; 2.15]10,6663,7630%NADelteil - BZDs (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Coste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020 20.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 17870

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.47[1.04; 2.08]11,1413,7630%NADelteil - BZDs (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2023 Coste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.35[0.60; 3.03]312,517 -NADelteil - BZDs (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 10.510.01.0