| id | Study | Lib. in paper | Exposition period | Study type |
Control type |
Tags | OR 95%CI | x1/n1 x0/n0 | no cases | no exposed | ROB | Ref. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| S15397 R63466 |
Chan - BZDs, 2023 | Preterm birth (<37 gestational weeks) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort retrospective | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) | 1.19 [1.00;1.42] | 142/1,060 44,207/531,164 | 44,349 | 1,060 |
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| S17870 R75496 |
Delteil - BZDs (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2023 | Preterm birth (<37 GW) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed (general population or NOS) excluded | Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) |
1.52 [1.32;1.74] C excluded (control group) |
235/2,517 5,217/82,163 | 5,452 | 2,517 |
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| S15610 R75488 |
Delteil - BZDs (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 | Preterm birth (<37 GW) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) | 1.28 [0.99;1.65] C | 235/2,517 88/1,180 | 323 | 2,517 |
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| S17848 R75324 |
Meng a - BZDs (Controls unexposed, sibling), 2023 | Preterm birth (<37 weeks’ gestation) | early pregnancy | population based cohort retrospective | sibling excluded | Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) |
0.93 [0.86;0.99] excluded (control group) |
-/- -/- | - | - |
|
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| S15409 R63480 |
Meng a - BZDs (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 | Preterm birth (<37 weeks’ gestation) | early pregnancy | population based cohort retrospective | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) | 1.17 [1.14;1.20] | 6,021/61,218 235,053/2,776,683 | 241,074 | 61,218 |
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| S15405 R63474 |
Lee - Alprazolam, 2022 | Preterm birth (< 37 weeks) | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Not specified | 2.27 [0.92;5.60] | 7/82 22/579 | 29 | 82 |
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| S15446 R63532 |
Zanisi - BZDs, 2022 | Premature birth | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | cohort | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: No (among psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) | 2.24 [0.85;5.90] | -/- -/- | - | - |
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| S15584 R64105 |
Coste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020 | Gestational age at birth (< 37 WA) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: No (among antiseizure medications) | 1.43 [1.16;1.77] C | 93/1,246 91,255/1,710,441 | 91,348 | 1,246 |
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| S15319 R63027 |
Freeman - BZDs, 2018 | Premature (< 37 weeks) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) Indication BZD: Psychiatric diseases (depression, anxiety, ...) | 1.31 [0.55;2.32] | 17/144 87/650 | 104 | 144 |
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| S15533 R63799 |
Ogawa - BZDs, 2018 | Preterm birth (less than 37 completed weeks) | 2nd and/or 3rd trimester | nested case control | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) | 2.03 [1.11;3.69] | -/- 746/- | - | - |
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| S15314 R63007 |
Yonkers - BZDs, 2017 | Preterm Birth (before 36 completed weeks of gestation (36 weeks and 6 days)) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Not specified Indication BZD: Psychiatric diseases (depression, anxiety, ...) | 1.98 [0.97;4.04] | 12/67 -/- | - | 67 |
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| S15315 R63013 |
Kilic - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2014 | Preterm (< 37 weeks) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort retrospective | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: No (among antiseizure medications) | 1.60 [1.00;2.40] | 23/262 33,974/676,834 | 33,997 | 262 |
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| S15587 R64163 |
Källén - BZDs, 2013 | Preterm birth (<37 weeks) | 2nd and/or 3rd trimester | population based cohort retrospective | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Not specified | 1.62 [1.37;1.91] | 157/- -/- | - | - |
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| S17712 R74712 |
Hironaka - BZDs (Control exposed to Atypical antipsy), 2011 | Preterm birth (NOS) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Not specified Indication BZD: Psychiatric diseases (depression, anxiety, ...) |
1.89 [0.03;112.07] C excluded (control group) |
0/5 0/9 | 0 | 5 |
|
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| S17710 R74700 |
Hironaka - BZDs (Control unexposed, disease free), 2011 | Preterm birth (NOS) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Not specified Indication BZD: Psychiatric diseases (depression, anxiety, ...) |
12.24 [0.51;293.29] C excluded (control group) |
0/5 2/278 | 2 | 5 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S17711 R74706 |
Hironaka - BZDs (Control unexposed, sick), 2011 | Preterm birth (NOS) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Not specified Indication BZD: Psychiatric diseases (depression, anxiety, ...) | 0.56 [0.01;37.57] C | 0/5 0/3 | 0 | 5 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S15320 R63032 |
Calderon-Margalit - BZDs, 2009 | Preterm delivery (before 37 weeks of gestation) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: No (among psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) | 5.56 [2.71;11.40] | 20/43 234/2,493 | 254 | 43 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 13 studies | 1.51 [1.29;1.77] | 411,478 | 66,644 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1: Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Controls unexposed, sick; 3: Mixed indications; 4: Mixed indications; 5: Control unexposed, sick;
Asymetry test p-value = 0.0039 (by Egger's regression)
slope=0.1390 (0.0198); intercept=1.5881 (0.4373); t=3.6317; p=0.0039
excluded 17712, 17710, 17870, 17848