Benzodiazepines (Psy and mixed indications) updated on 02-10-2025

Spina bifida

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15464
R63584		 Blotière - Clonazepam (Other indications), 2019 Spina bifida 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: No (among antiseizure medications) 1.55 [0.10;24.87] C 0/980   616/1,875,733 616 980
ref
S15593
R64205		 Tinker - BZDs, 2019 Spina bifida 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 0.80 [0.40;1.80] 7/88   1,234/12,686 1,241 88
ref
Total 2 studies 0.84 [0.41;1.73] 1,857 1,068
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Blotière - Clonazepam (Other indications), 2019Blotière - Clonazepam, 2019 1 1.55[0.10; 24.87]6169807%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Tinker - BZDs, 2019Tinker - BZDs, 2019 0.80[0.40; 1.80]1,2418893%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 0.84[0.41; 1.73]1,8571,0680.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Other indications;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.55[0.10; 24.87]616980 -NABlotière - Clonazepam (Other indications), 2019 1 case control studiescase control studies 0.80[0.38; 1.70]1,24188 -NATinker - BZDs, 2019 1 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 0.84[0.41; 1.73]1,8571,0680%NABlotière - Clonazepam (Other indications), 2019 Tinker - BZDs, 2019 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.55[0.10; 24.87]616980 -NABlotière - Clonazepam (Other indications), 2019 1   - Yes  - Yes 0.80[0.38; 1.70]1,24188 -NATinker - BZDs, 2019 1 BZD Coexposure   - No (among antiseizure medications)  - No (among antiseizure medications) 1.55[0.10; 24.87]616980 -NABlotière - Clonazepam (Other indications), 2019 1   - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or p ...  - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 0.80[0.38; 1.70]1,24188 -NATinker - BZDs, 2019 1 All studiesAll studies 0.84[0.41; 1.73]1,8571,0680%NABlotière - Clonazepam (Other indications), 2019 Tinker - BZDs, 2019 20.25.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 0.84[0.41; 1.73]1,8571,0680%NABlotière - Clonazepam (Other indications), 2019 Tinker - BZDs, 2019 20.510.01.0