Benzodiazepines (Psy and mixed indications) updated on 02-10-2025

Ear malformations

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15535
R63827		 Czeizel - Diazepam, 2003 Ear congenital anomalies 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) Matched 0.60 [0.20;1.90] -/-   360/- - -
ref
Total 1 studies 0.60 [0.19;1.85] 0 0
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Czeizel - Diazepam, 2003Czeizel - Diazepam, 2003 0.60[0.20; 1.90]--0%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate0.22.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0 case control studiescase control studies 0.60[0.19; 1.85]-- -NACzeizel - Diazepam, 2003 1 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 0.60[0.19; 1.85]-- -NACzeizel - Diazepam, 2003 1 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 0.60[0.19; 1.85]-- -NACzeizel - Diazepam, 2003 1 BZD Coexposure   - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or p ...  - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 0.60[0.19; 1.85]-- -NACzeizel - Diazepam, 2003 1 MatchedMatched 0.60[0.19; 1.85]-- -NACzeizel - Diazepam, 2003 1 All studiesAll studies 0.60[0.19; 1.85]-- -NACzeizel - Diazepam, 2003 10.210.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 0.60[0.19; 1.85]351- -NACzeizel - Diazepam, 2003 10.510.01.0