Benzodiazepines (Psy and mixed indications) updated on 02-10-2025

Withdrawal syndrome / Neonatal abstinence syndrome / Poor neonatal adaptation

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15446
R63535		 Zanisi - BZDs, 2022 Neonatal withdrawal syndrome during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: No (among psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 12.69 [1.53;104.95] -/-   -/- - -
ref
S15573
R64094		 Huybrechts - BZDs, 2017 Neonatal drug withdrawal (neonatal abstinence syndrome) - ICD-9 code 779.5x late pregnancy retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) Co-administration 1.40 [1.27;1.54] 413/5,361   1,989/191,863 2,402 5,361
ref
Total 2 studies 3.24 [0.40;26.39] 2,402 5,361
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Zanisi - BZDs, 2022Zanisi - BZDs, 2022 12.69[1.53; 104.95]--38%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: unclearROB classification: unclearROB missing: unclearROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: unclear Huybrechts - BZDs, 2017Huybrechts - BZDs, 2017 1.40[1.27; 1.54]2,4025,36162%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 76% 3.24[0.40; 26.39]2,4025,3610.550.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 3.24[0.40; 26.39]2,4025,36176%NAZanisi - BZDs, 2022 Huybrechts - BZDs, 2017 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 12.69[1.53; 105.10]-- -NAZanisi - BZDs, 2022 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.40[1.27; 1.54]2,4025,361 -NAHuybrechts - BZDs, 2017 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 12.69[1.53; 105.10]-- -NAZanisi - BZDs, 2022 1   - Yes  - Yes 1.40[1.27; 1.54]2,4025,361 -NAHuybrechts - BZDs, 2017 1 BZD Coexposure   - No (among psychiatric (ATD and/or p ...  - No (among psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 12.69[1.53; 105.10]-- -NAZanisi - BZDs, 2022 1   - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or p ...  - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 1.40[1.27; 1.54]2,4025,361 -NAHuybrechts - BZDs, 2017 1 Co-administrationCo-administration 1.40[1.27; 1.54]2,4025,361 -NAHuybrechts - BZDs, 2017 1 All studiesAll studies 3.24[0.40; 26.39]2,4025,36176%NAZanisi - BZDs, 2022 Huybrechts - BZDs, 2017 20.550.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) Out of scale12.69[1.53; 105.10]-- -NAZanisi - BZDs, 2022 1 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.40[1.27; 1.54]2,4025,361 -NAHuybrechts - BZDs, 2017 10.510.01.0