id | Study | Lib. in paper | Exposition period | Study type |
Control type |
Tags | OR 95%CI | x1/n1 x0/n0 | no cases | no exposed | ROB | Ref. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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S15367 R63238 |
Bromley (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023 | Any congenital anomaly | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
1.08 [0.28;4.18] C excluded (control group) |
3/27 11/106 | 14 | 27 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S15368 R63251 |
Bromley (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 | Any congenital anomaly | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No |
2.38 [0.50;11.37] C excluded (exposition period) |
3/27 4/80 | 7 | 27 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S15199 R62374 |
Cohen (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023 | Major congenital malformations (excluding genetic/chromosomal) | 1st trimester | population based cohort retrospective | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: Yes Partial overlapping |
0.91 [0.72;1.15] excluded (control group) |
90/2,674 314/8,339 | 404 | 2,674 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S15198 R62375 |
Cohen (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2023 | Major congenital malformations (excluding genetic/chromosomal) | 1st trimester | population based cohort retrospective | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: No Partial overlapping | 1.11 [0.90;1.37] C | 90/2,674 147,928/4,866,362 | 148,018 | 2,674 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S15852 R65261 |
Li (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023 | Major congenital malformation | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
9.55 [0.47;192.46] C excluded (control group) |
3/31 0/38 | 3 | 31 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S15267 R62762 |
Li (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 | Major congenital malformation | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No |
3.77 [0.92;15.39] C excluded (exposition period) |
3/31 7/253 | 10 | 31 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S15214 R62388 |
Pekoz (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023 | Congenital malformations (major and minor) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
3.14 [0.83;11.84] C excluded (control group) |
9/141 3/141 | 12 | 141 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S15215 R62389 |
Pekoz (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 | Congenital malformations (major and minor) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No |
2.86 [0.35;23.27] C excluded (exposition period) |
9/141 1/43 | 10 | 141 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S12674 R48753 |
Mari (Carbamazepine), 2022 | Major foetal malformation | throughout pregnancy | retrospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick | Adjustment: No | 1.15 [0.04;30.40] C | 1/29 0/11 | 1 | 29 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S10225 R37459 |
The NAAED (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Indications NOS), 2022 | Major congenital malformations | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
1.48 [0.93;2.35] C excluded (control group) |
31/1,122 44/2,333 | 75 | 1,122 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S10226 R37461 |
The NAAED (Controls unexposed, disease free) (Indications NOS), 2022 | Major congenital malformations | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed, disease free | Adjustment: No | 2.82 [1.44;5.51] C | 31/1,122 12/1,201 | 43 | 1,122 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S12683 R48750 |
Alsfouk (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 | Major congenital malformation | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
1.25 [0.21;7.34] C excluded (control group) |
5/31 2/15 | 7 | 31 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S12680 R48751 |
Alsfouk (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 | Major congenital malformation | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No |
5.58 [0.61;50.91] C excluded (exposition period) |
5/31 1/30 | 6 | 31 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S12903 R48940 |
Hosny (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 | Major birth defects | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
0.02 [0.00;1.59] C excluded (control group) |
1/67 0/1 | 1 | 67 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S12904 R48943 |
Hosny (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 | Major birth defects | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 0.67 [0.04;11.29] C | 1/31 1/21 | 2 | 31 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S12856 R48494 |
Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 | Major congenital malformations | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
2.41 [0.32;18.26] C excluded (control group) |
23/490 1/50 | 24 | 490 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S12857 R48502 |
Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2021 | Major congenital malformations | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: No |
1.57 [0.77;3.20] excluded (control group) |
21/389 11/319 | 32 | 389 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S12858 R48506 |
Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 | Major congenital malformations | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes | 0.99 [0.50;1.80] | 23/490 16/340 | 39 | 490 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9595 R33980 |
AlSheikh (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020 | Fetal/neonatal malformation | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
16.71 [0.56;499.27] C excluded (control group) |
1/5 0/20 | 1 | 5 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9596 R33983 |
AlSheikh (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 | Fetal/neonatal malformation | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No |
1.75 [0.08;36.29] C excluded (exposition period) |
1/5 1/8 | 2 | 5 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9602 R34035 |
Aydin (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020 | Congenital chromosomal/structural anomalies | throughout pregnancy | retrospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
0.45 [0.01;25.16] C excluded (control group) |
0/15 0/7 | 0 | 15 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9603 R34045 |
Aydin (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 | Congenital chromosomal/structural anomalies | throughout pregnancy | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 1.48 [0.03;79.05] C | 0/15 0/22 | 0 | 15 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9632 R34253 |
Meador (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020 | Major congenital malformations | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
1.62 [0.17;14.92] C excluded (control group) |
1/14 5/110 | 6 | 14 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9633 R34257 |
Meador (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2020 | Major congenital malformations | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: No |
4.00 [0.34;47.23] C excluded (control group) |
1/14 2/106 | 3 | 14 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9634 R34261 |
Meador (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 | Major congenital malformations | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 1.08 [0.06;19.05] C | 1/14 1/15 | 2 | 14 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9723 R34625 |
Huber-Mollema (Carbamazepine), 2019 | Congenital malformations | throughout pregnancy | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick | Adjustment: No | 2.55 [0.60;10.78] C | 4/37 4/88 | 8 | 37 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9679 R35146 |
Vajda (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2019 | Fetal malformations | at least 1st trimester | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
1.20 [0.65;2.21] C excluded (control group) |
24/409 20/406 | 44 | 409 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9680 R35145 |
Vajda (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2019 | Fetal malformations | at least 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 2.07 [0.80;5.33] | 24/409 5/176 | 29 | 409 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9678 R34458 |
Tomson (Carbamazepine), 2018 | Major congenital malformation | at least 1st trimester | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick | Adjustment: No | 1.91 [1.41;2.58] C | 107/1,957 74/2,514 | 181 | 1,957 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9760 R34848 |
Bank (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications), 2017 | Major Malformation | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick | Adjustment: No |
16.38 [0.60;447.84] C excluded (exposition period) |
1/8 0/36 | 1 | 8 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9597 R33990 |
Arkilo (Carbamazepine), 2015 | Major malformations | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | retrospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick | Adjustment: No |
1.39 [0.03;73.79] C excluded (exposition period) |
0/16 0/22 | 0 | 16 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9763 R34868 |
Ban (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2015 | Any major anomaly | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
0.86 [0.38;1.91] C excluded (control group) |
13/343 12/273 | 25 | 343 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9764 R34874 |
Ban (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2015 | Any major anomaly | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes | 1.42 [0.68;2.93] | 13/343 6,922/257,153 | 6,935 | 343 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9605 R34054 |
Barroso (Carbamazepine), 2015 | Major anomalies | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | retrospective cohort | unexposed, disease free | Adjustment: No |
1.35 [0.17;10.95] C excluded (exposition period) |
1/12 20/316 | 21 | 12 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9681 R34462 |
Vanya (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2015 | Major congenital malformations | throughout pregnancy | retrospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
1.94 [0.07;56.76] C excluded (control group) |
1/10 0/6 | 1 | 10 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9682 R34464 |
Vanya (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2015 | Major congenital malformations | throughout pregnancy | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 6.88 [0.25;186.69] C | 1/10 0/20 | 1 | 10 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9655 R34377 |
Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014 | Major malformations | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
1.10 [0.70;1.70] excluded (control group) |
43/1,657 49/2,098 | 92 | 1,657 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9656 R34379 |
Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2014 | Major malformations | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 1.08 [0.58;2.03] C | 43/1,657 13/541 | 56 | 1,657 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9643 R34318 |
Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 | Major congenital malformation | throughout pregnancy | population based cohort retrospective | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No Partial overlapping |
0.86 [0.48;1.55] C excluded (control group) |
20/685 28/833 | 48 | 685 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9645 R34326 |
Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free) (Mixed indications), 2014 | Major malformations | throughout pregnancy | population based cohort retrospective | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: Yes Partial overlapping |
1.06 [0.68;1.66] excluded (control group) |
20/685 22,371/771,412 | 22,391 | 685 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9646 R34329 |
Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 | Major malformations | throughout pregnancy | population based cohort retrospective | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No Controls: epilepsy indication Partial overlapping | 1.04 [0.64;1.69] C | 20/685 106/3,773 | 126 | 685 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9658 R34389 |
Cassina (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2013 | Major congenital anomalies | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
6.94 [0.39;122.72] C excluded (control group) |
8/120 0/46 | 8 | 120 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9659 R34391 |
Cassina (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free) (Mixed indications), 2013 | Major congenital anomalies | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed, disease free | Adjustment: No | 2.22 [0.98;5.05] C | 8/120 25/803 | 33 | 120 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9625 R34230 |
Källén (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Indications NOS), 2013 | Relatively severe malformations | early pregnancy | population based cohort retrospective | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No Partial overlapping |
1.13 [0.74;1.72] C excluded (control group) |
58/1,511 37/1,084 | 95 | 1,511 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9626 R34238 |
Källén (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Indications NOS), 2013 | Relatively severe malformations | early pregnancy | population based cohort retrospective | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes Partial overlapping | 1.04 [0.80;1.35] | 58/1,511 49,499/1,575,847 | 49,557 | 1,511 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9601 R34027 |
Arteaga-Vázquez (Carbamazepine), 2012 | Congenital malformations | 1st trimester | case control | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 1.52 [0.58;3.98] C | 12/32 13/46 | 25 | 32 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9653 R35106 |
Bànhidy (Carbamazepine), 2011 | Total congenital abnormalities | throughout pregnancy | case control | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No Matched | 0.67 [0.19;2.33] C | 8/18 12/22 | 20 | 18 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9608 R34067 |
Charlton (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2011 | Major congenital malformations | 1st trimester | retrospective cohort (claims database) | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
1.38 [0.39;4.95] C excluded (control group) |
13/311 3/98 | 16 | 311 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9609 R34070 |
Charlton (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011 | Major congenital malformations | 1st trimester | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 1.71 [0.87;3.36] | 13/311 22/902 | 35 | 311 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9628 R34241 |
Mawer (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2010 | Major malformations | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
0.55 [0.07;4.05] C excluded (control group) |
2/66 2/37 | 4 | 66 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9629 R34243 |
Mawer (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2010 | Major malformations | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: No Matched |
1.45 [0.23;7.37] excluded (control group) |
2/66 6/285 | 8 | 66 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9630 R34245 |
Mawer (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2010 | Major malformations | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 1.25 [0.11;14.24] C | 2/66 1/41 | 3 | 66 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9606 R34057 |
Burja (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2006 | Congenital malformation | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (registry) | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: No |
4.85 [0.87;26.87] C excluded (control group) |
2/19 5/211 | 7 | 19 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9607 R34062 |
Burja (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006 | Congenital malformation | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | retrospective cohort (registry) | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No |
9.55 [0.43;210.68] C excluded (exposition period) |
2/19 0/32 | 2 | 19 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9669 R34430 |
Kini (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006 | Major malformations | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No |
1.36 [0.36;5.23] excluded (exposition period) |
5/94 4/101 | 9 | 94 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9631 R34249 |
Meador (Carbamazepine), 2006 | Congenital malformations | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick | Adjustment: No |
4.62 [0.53;40.24] C excluded (exposition period) |
5/110 1/98 | 6 | 110 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9648 R34336 |
Viinikainen (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) a, 2006 | Major malformations | throughout pregnancy | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 5.26 [0.27;104.15] C | 3/72 0/52 | 3 | 72 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9652 R34342 |
Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005 | Malformations | 1st trimester | retrospective cohort (registry) | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 0.99 [0.53;1.83] | 22/805 26/939 | 48 | 805 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9604 R34050 |
Barqawi (Carbamazepine), 2005 | All congenital anomalies (minor and major) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No |
13.70 [0.67;279.25] C excluded (exposition period) |
4/16 0/18 | 4 | 16 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9615 R34171 |
Endo (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2004 | Congenital malformations | throughout pregnancy | retrospective cohort | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: No |
1.52 [0.08;27.36] C excluded (control group) |
0/8 27/656 | 27 | 8 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9616 R34186 |
Endo (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2004 | Congenital malformations | throughout pregnancy | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 0.07 [0.00;8.55] C | 0/8 0/1 | 0 | 8 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9665 R34413 |
Kaaja (Carbamazepine), 2003 | Major malformation | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 3.36 [0.73;15.46] C | 10/363 2/239 | 12 | 363 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9614 R34158 |
Dean (Carbamazepine), 2002 | Congenital malformations (major and minor) | at least 1st trimester | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 3.95 [1.54;10.16] C | 33/70 7/38 | 40 | 70 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9662 R34403 |
Diav-Citrin (Carbamazepine), 2001 | Major congenital anomalies (among live born and elective termination of pregnancy) | at least 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: No Matched | 1.98 [0.62;6.30] C | 6/100 6/192 | 12 | 100 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9621 R34209 |
Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2001 | Major malformations | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: Yes |
3.00 [0.60;16.00] excluded (control group) |
3/58 9/508 | 12 | 58 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9622 R34218 |
Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2001 | Major malformations | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No |
12.52 [0.63;246.98] C excluded (exposition period) |
3/58 0/98 | 3 | 58 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9623 R34220 |
Hvas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2000 | Major congenital malformations | 1st trimester | retrospective cohort | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: No |
4.81 [1.15;20.08] C excluded (control group) |
2/37 280/23,827 | 282 | 37 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9624 R34222 |
Hvas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2000 | Major congenital malformations | 1st trimester | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 15.29 [0.72;326.31] C | 2/37 0/106 | 2 | 37 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9594 R33977 |
Al Bunyan (Carbamazepine), 1999 | Congenital malformations | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No |
0.97 [0.04;25.76] C excluded (exposition period) |
1/31 0/10 | 1 | 31 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9657 R34387 |
Canger (Carbamazepine), 1999 | All type of malformation | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 6.09 [0.35;106.53] C | 12/113 0/25 | 12 | 113 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9667 R34415 |
Kaneko (Carbamazepine), 1999 | Malformations | throughout pregnancy | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 1.91 [0.50;7.24] C | 9/158 3/98 | 12 | 158 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9671 R34435 |
Samrén (Carbamazepine), 1999 | Major congential abnormalities | at least 1st trimester | retrospective cohort | unexposed, disease free | Adjustment: No Matched | 2.60 [1.40;5.00] | 14/376 29/2,000 | 43 | 376 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9768 R37355 |
Nulman (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 1997 | Malformations (major) | at least 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: No Matched | 1.03 [0.14;7.75] C | 2/35 2/36 | 4 | 35 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9672 R34437 |
Steegers-Theunissen (Carbamazepine), 1994 | Major malformations (ICD9 British Paediatric Association System) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | prospective cohort | unexposed, disease free | Adjustment: No |
2.81 [0.38;20.68] C excluded (exposition period) |
2/39 2/106 | 4 | 39 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9612 R34085 |
D'Souza (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 1991 | Congenital anomalies | throughout pregnancy | prospective cohort | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: No Matched |
615.00 [10.00;37818.08] C excluded (control group) |
2/3 0/62 | 2 | 3 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9613 R34114 |
D'Souza (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 | Congenital anomalies | throughout pregnancy | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 14.00 [0.58;338.80] C | 2/3 1/8 | 3 | 3 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S9670 R34433 |
Robert (Carbamazepine), 1986 | Congenital malformations (minor and major) | 1st trimester | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 1.36 [0.06;33.05] C | 0/3 4/35 | 4 | 3 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 33 studies | 1.50 [1.26;1.78] | 205,309 | 13,674 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives |
1: Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls unexposed, NOS; 2: Carbamazepine; 3: Controls unexposed, disease free) (Indications NOS; 4: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 5: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 6: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 7: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 8: Carbamazepine; 9: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 10: Carbamazepine; 11: Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications) (Controls unexposed NOS; 12: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 13: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 14: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Mixed indications; 15: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free) (Mixed indications; 16: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Indications NOS; 17: Carbamazepine; 18: Carbamazepine; 19: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 20: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 21: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) ; 22: Carbamazepine; 23: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 24: Carbamazepine; 25: Carbamazepine; 26: Carbamazepine; 27: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 28: Carbamazepine; 29: Carbamazepine; 30: Carbamazepine; 31: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications; 32: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 33: Carbamazepine;
Asymetry test p-value = 0.0000 (by Egger's regression)
slope=0.1438 (0.0946); intercept=0.6491 (0.2848); t=2.2794; p=0.0000
excluded 9612, 9623, 9621, 9615, 9606, 9628, 9629, 9608, 9658, 9625, 9655, 9643, 9645, 9763, 9681, 9679, 9595, 9602, 9632, 9633, 12683, 12903, 12856, 12857, 10225, 15367, 15199, 15852, 15214